Nicotine sulfate has historically been used primarily as an insecticide in agriculture to control pests such as aphids, caterpillars, and beetles. Its mechanism of action involves disrupting the nervous systems of insects, leading to paralysis and eventual death. However, due to concerns about its high toxicity to humans, animals, and the environment, the use of nicotine sulfate has declined over time. Some countries have restricted or banned its use in agriculture in favor of safer alternatives. Additionally, nicotine sulfate has been explored for potential applications in research and pharmaceuticals, although its use in these areas is limited compared to its use as an insecticide.